St. Louis or Berlin? Construction of Interstate 70 in 1964.
Yesterday and today were days of celebration for many St. Louisans as re-construction of Highway 40 (Interstate 64) came to a close and the highway re-opened to uninterrupted traffic from 270 to Kingshighway for the first time in almost two years.
I couldn't help but think: Is the opening of a new highway really cause for celebration? Since their inception in the late 1930's, highways have reeked havoc on cities, requiring mass demolitions, dividing neighborhoods, ruining parks and more all in the name of getting from A to point B a little bit faster.
Construction of Interstate 70 (then also known as the Third Street Highway) cut off Downtown St. Louis from the Gateway Arch two years before its completion in 1966. To this day the highway remains a physical and psychological barrier as well as major source of noise pollution. Photos from UMSL's Western Historical Manuscript Collection.
Construction of Interstate 70 (then also known as the Third Street Highway) cut off Downtown St. Louis from the Gateway Arch two years before its completion in 1966. To this day the highway remains a physical and psychological barrier as well as major source of noise pollution. Photos from UMSL's Western Historical Manuscript Collection.
A relatively intact streetscape with buildings and park cars. This is Third Street in 1962, prior to the construction of the Interstate 70. All building in this photo with the exception of the Peabody Building (at center with the corner entrance) were demolished to make way for the Mansion House complex. Like Mansion House, most of the buildings in this row front Fourth street and turn their back to the Arch grounds and riverfront beyond. Can you blame them? Who would want their new building to front a noisy ugly highway?
Two years later in 1964, the interstate cuts a gash in the landscape cutting off everything from the yet to be completed Arch and grounds. Beyond the Peabody Building the Bel Air Hotel can be seen in the distance.
City interrupted - the Interstate 44-55 interchange in the mid 60's.
Construction of Interstate 44 and 55 destroyed block after block of fully intact South Side neighborhoods. Early plans for 44 even threatened Tower Grove Park by the highway's path. While the south edge of Forest Park was given a lobotomy, this treatment of Tower Grove would have completely destroyed the narrow park and would have devastated the adjacent neighborhoods.
Back to Highway 40, another casualty of the re-opening is transit demand. This morning as I got on the MetroLink train at Skinker to head Downtown I noticed that the crowd on the train was much lighter than normal. I was not completely surprised by this. There was a noticeable increase in Metro rider-ship last January when the east half of Highway 40 closed for the year, and since Metro made service cuts in March, it has been standing room only on the trains at least until the Central West End where many BJC workers exit. Has everyone gotten back in their cars to take the new Highway 40?
Maybe I am unusual, but when I made the decision several years ago to start riding Metro, it was one of the most liberating things I have ever experienced, leaving behind the traffic, dealing with other drivers on the road, parking garages, more frequent trips to the gas station and maintenance shops, etc. in exchange for some relaxing time to read a book. You can call me crazy if you want, but I actually liked standing on the train when is was packed with people. Somehow it made it feel like I was living in a real City.
